1-based indexing rewrite

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -11,5 +11,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: rhysd/action-setup-vim@v1
         with:
           neovim: true
-          version: v0.10.1
+          version: v0.11.0
+          arch: 'x86_64'
       - run: make test

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+/.lux/
 *.src.rock

.luacheckrc

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+-- :vim set ft=lua
+globals = { "vim" }

Makefile

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ PLENARY_DIR=~/.local/share/nvim/site/pack/test/opt/plenary.nvim
 all: lint test
 
 lint:
-	selene .
+	lua-language-server --check=lua/u/ --checklevel=Hint
+	lux check
 
 fmt:
 	stylua .

README.md

@@ -217,7 +217,20 @@ buf:render {
 
 ### A note on indices
 
+<blockquote>
+<del>
 I love NeoVim. I am coming to love Lua. I don't like 1-based indices; perhaps I am too old. Perhaps I am too steeped in the history of loving the elegance of simple pointer arithmetic. Regardless, the way positions are addressed in NeoVim/Vim is (terrifyingly) mixed. Some methods return 1-based, others accept only 0-based. In order to stay sane, I had to make a choice to store everything in one, uniform representation in this library. I chose (what I humbly think is the only sane way) to stick with the tried-and-true 0-based index scheme. That abstraction leaks into the public API of this library.
+</del>
+</blockquote>
+
+<br />
+<b>This has changed in v2</b>. After much thought, I realized that:
+
+1. The 0-based indexing in NeoVim is prevelant in the `:api`, which is designed to be exposed to many languages. As such, it makes sense for this interface to use 0-based indexing. However, many internal Vim functions use 1-based indexing.
+2. This is a Lua library (surprise, surprise, duh) - the idioms of the language should take precedence over my preference
+3. There were subtle bugs in the code where indices weren't being normalized to 0-based, anyways. Somehow it worked most of the time.
+
+As such, this library now uses 1-based indexing everywhere, doing the necessary interop conversions when calling `:api` functions.
 
 ### 1. Creating a Range
 
@@ -225,8 +238,8 @@ The `Range` utility is the main feature upon which most other things in this lib
 
 ```lua
 local Range = require 'u.range'
-local start = Pos.new(0, 0, 0) -- Line 1, first column
-local stop = Pos.new(0, 2, 0) -- Line 3, first column
+local start = Pos.new(0, 1, 1) -- Line 1, first column
+local stop = Pos.new(0, 3, 1) -- Line 3, first column
 
 Range.new(start, stop, 'v') -- charwise selection
 Range.new(start, stop, 'V') -- linewise selection
@@ -236,15 +249,15 @@ This is usually not how you want to obtain a `Range`, however. Usually you want
 
 ```lua
 -- get the first line in a buffer:
-Range.from_line(0, 0)
+Range.from_line(bufnr, 1)
 
 -- Text Objects (any text object valid in your configuration is supported):
 -- get the word the cursor is on:
-Range.from_text_object('iw')
+Range.from_txtobj('iw')
 -- get the WORD the cursor is on:
-Range.from_text_object('iW')
+Range.from_txtobj('iW')
 -- get the "..." the cursor is within:
-Range.from_text_object('a"')
+Range.from_txtobj('a"')
 
 -- Get the currently visually selected text:
 -- NOTE: this does NOT work within certain contexts; more specialized utilities are more appropriate in certain circumstances
@@ -285,8 +298,8 @@ So far, that's a lot of ways to _get_ a `Range`. But what can you do with a rang
 local range = ...
 range:lines() -- get the lines in the range's region
 range:text() -- get the text (i.e., string) in the range's region
-range:line0(0) -- get the first line within this range
-range:line0(-1) -- get the last line within this range
+range:line(1) -- get the first line within this range
+range:line(-1) -- get the last line within this range
 -- replace with new contents:
 range:replace {
   'replacement line 1',
@@ -333,11 +346,11 @@ Simply by returning a `Range` or a `Pos`, you can easily and quickly define
 your own text objects:
 
 ```lua
-local utils = require 'u.utils'
+local txtobj = require 'u.txtobj'
 local Range = require 'u.range'
 
 -- Select whole file:
-utils.define_text_object('ag', function()
+txtobj.define('ag', function()
   return Range.from_buf_text()
 end)
 ```
@@ -357,11 +370,11 @@ buf:set_var('...', ...)
 buf:all() -- returns a Range representing the entire buffer
 buf:is_empty() -- returns true if the buffer has no text
 buf:append_line '...'
-buf:line0(0) -- returns a Range representing the first line in the buffer
-buf:line0(-1) -- returns a Range representing the last line in the buffer
-buf:lines(0, 1) -- returns a Range representing the first two lines in the buffer
-buf:lines(1, -2) -- returns a Range representing all but the first and last lines of a buffer
-buf:text_object('iw') -- returns a Range representing the text object 'iw' in the give buffer
+buf:line(1) -- returns a Range representing the first line in the buffer
+buf:line(-1) -- returns a Range representing the last line in the buffer
+buf:lines(1, 2) -- returns a Range representing the first two lines in the buffer
+buf:lines(2, -2) -- returns a Range representing all but the first and last lines of a buffer
+buf:txtobj('iw') -- returns a Range representing the text object 'iw' in the give buffer
 ```
 
 ## License (MIT)

examples/picker.lua

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ local function shallow_copy_arr(arr) return vim.iter(arr):totable() end
 
 --- @generic T
 --- @param opts SelectOpts<T>
-function M.create_picker(opts)
+function M.create_picker(opts) -- {{{
   local is_in_insert_mode = vim.api.nvim_get_mode().mode:sub(1, 1) == 'i'
   local stopinsert = not is_in_insert_mode
 
@@ -145,17 +145,19 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
     col = s_w_input_coords:get().col,
     relative = 'editor',
     focusable = true,
-    border = 'rounded',
+    border = vim.o.winborder or 'rounded',
   }
   local w_input_buf = Buffer.create(false, true)
-  local w_input = vim.api.nvim_open_win(w_input_buf.buf, false, w_input_cfg)
-  vim.wo[w_input].number = false
-  vim.wo[w_input].relativenumber = false
+  local w_input = vim.api.nvim_open_win(w_input_buf.bufnr, false, w_input_cfg)
+  vim.wo[w_input][0].cursorline = false
+  vim.wo[w_input][0].list = false
+  vim.wo[w_input][0].number = false
+  vim.wo[w_input][0].relativenumber = false
 
   -- The following option is a signal to other plugins like 'cmp' to not mess
   -- with this buffer:
-  vim.bo[w_input_buf.buf].buftype = 'prompt'
-  vim.fn.prompt_setprompt(w_input_buf.buf, '')
+  vim.bo[w_input_buf.bufnr].buftype = 'prompt'
+  vim.fn.prompt_setprompt(w_input_buf.bufnr, '')
 
   vim.api.nvim_set_current_win(w_input)
   tracker.create_effect(safe_wrap(function()
@@ -174,10 +176,10 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
     border = 'rounded',
   }
   local w_list_buf = Buffer.create(false, true)
-  local w_list = vim.api.nvim_open_win(w_list_buf.buf, false, w_list_cfg)
-  vim.wo[w_list].number = false
-  vim.wo[w_list].relativenumber = false
-  vim.wo[w_list].scrolloff = 0
+  local w_list = vim.api.nvim_open_win(w_list_buf.bufnr, false, w_list_cfg)
+  vim.wo[w_list][0].number = false
+  vim.wo[w_list][0].relativenumber = false
+  vim.wo[w_list][0].scrolloff = 0
   tracker.create_effect(safe_wrap(function()
     -- update window position/size every time the editor is resized:
     w_list_cfg = vim.tbl_deep_extend('force', w_list_cfg, s_w_list_coords:get())
@@ -222,12 +224,18 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
       local filter_text = vim.trim(s_filter_text:get()):lower()
 
       local filter_pattern = ''
+      local use_plain_pattern = false
       if #formatted_items > 250 and #filter_text <= 3 then
-        filter_pattern = filter_text:gsub('%.', '%%.')
+        filter_pattern = filter_text
+        use_plain_pattern = true
+      elseif #formatted_items > 1000 then
+        filter_pattern = filter_text
+        use_plain_pattern = true
       else
         filter_pattern = '('
           .. vim.iter(vim.split(filter_text, '')):map(function(c) return c .. '.*' end):join ''
           .. ')'
+        use_plain_pattern = false
       end
       filter_pattern = filter_pattern:lower()
 
@@ -245,7 +253,14 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
           local formatted_as_string = Renderer.markup_to_string({ tree = inf.formatted }):lower()
 
           formatted_strings[inf.orig_idx] = formatted_as_string
+          if use_plain_pattern then
+            local x, y = formatted_as_string:find(filter_pattern, 1, true)
+            if x ~= nil and y ~= nil then
+              matches[inf.orig_idx] = formatted_as_string:sub(x, y)
+            end
+          else
             matches[inf.orig_idx] = string.match(formatted_as_string, filter_pattern)
+          end
 
           return matches[inf.orig_idx] ~= nil
         end)
@@ -329,7 +344,7 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
     -- "invalid window ID" errors):
     H.unsubscribe_render_effect()
     -- buftype=prompt buffers are not "temporary", so delete the buffer manually:
-    vim.api.nvim_buf_delete(w_input_buf.buf, { force = true })
+    vim.api.nvim_buf_delete(w_input_buf.bufnr, { force = true })
     -- The following is not needed, since the buffer is deleted above:
     -- vim.api.nvim_win_close(w_input, false)
     vim.api.nvim_win_close(w_list, false)
@@ -370,9 +385,9 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
   --
   -- Events
   --
-  vim.keymap.set('i', '<Esc>', function() H.finish(true) end, { buffer = w_input_buf.buf })
+  vim.keymap.set('i', '<Esc>', function() H.finish(true) end, { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr })
 
-  vim.keymap.set('i', '<CR>', function() H.finish() end, { buffer = w_input_buf.buf })
+  vim.keymap.set('i', '<CR>', function() H.finish() end, { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr })
 
   local function action_next_line()
     local max_line = #s_filtered_items:get()
@@ -382,8 +397,8 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
     end
     s_cursor_index:set(next_cursor_index)
   end
-  vim.keymap.set('i', '<C-n>', safe_wrap(action_next_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.buf, desc = 'Picker: next' })
-  vim.keymap.set('i', '<Down>', safe_wrap(action_next_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.buf, desc = 'Picker: next' })
+  vim.keymap.set('i', '<C-n>', safe_wrap(action_next_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr, desc = 'Picker: next' })
+  vim.keymap.set('i', '<Down>', safe_wrap(action_next_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr, desc = 'Picker: next' })
 
   local function action_prev_line()
     local max_line = #s_filtered_items:get()
@@ -391,8 +406,8 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
     if next_cursor_index - s_top_offset:get() < 1 then s_top_offset:set(s_top_offset:get() - 1) end
     s_cursor_index:set(next_cursor_index)
   end
-  vim.keymap.set('i', '<C-p>', safe_wrap(action_prev_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.buf, desc = 'Picker: previous' })
-  vim.keymap.set('i', '<Up>', safe_wrap(action_prev_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.buf, desc = 'Picker: previous' })
+  vim.keymap.set('i', '<C-p>', safe_wrap(action_prev_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr, desc = 'Picker: previous' })
+  vim.keymap.set('i', '<Up>', safe_wrap(action_prev_line), { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr, desc = 'Picker: previous' })
 
   vim.keymap.set(
     'i',
@@ -410,11 +425,11 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
       end
       action_next_line()
     end),
-    { buffer = w_input_buf.buf }
+    { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr }
   )
 
   for key, fn in pairs(opts.mappings or {}) do
-    vim.keymap.set('i', key, safe_wrap(function() return fn(controller) end), { buffer = w_input_buf.buf })
+    vim.keymap.set('i', key, safe_wrap(function() return fn(controller) end), { buffer = w_input_buf.bufnr })
   end
 
   -- Render:
@@ -505,7 +520,7 @@ function M.create_picker(opts)
   end
 
   return controller --[[@as SelectController]]
-end
+end -- }}}
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- END create_picker
@@ -522,6 +537,7 @@ function M.register_ui_select()
   --- @param items `T`[]
   --- @param opts { prompt?: string, kind?: any, format_item?: fun(item: T):string }
   --- @param cb fun(item: T|nil):any
+  --- @diagnostic disable-next-line: duplicate-set-field
   function vim.ui.select(items, opts, cb)
     M.create_picker {
       items = items,
@@ -552,7 +568,7 @@ end
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 --- @param opts? { limit?: number }
-function M.files(opts)
+function M.files(opts) -- {{{
   opts = opts or {}
   opts.limit = opts.limit or 10000
 
@@ -706,6 +722,7 @@ function M.files(opts)
       if #lines >= opts.limit then
         if not job_inf.notified_over_limit then
           vim.notify('Picker list is too large (truncating list to ' .. opts.limit .. ' items)', vim.log.levels.WARN)
+          pcall(vim.fn.jobstop, job_inf.id)
           job_inf.notified_over_limit = true
         end
         return
@@ -726,10 +743,10 @@ function M.files(opts)
       set_lines_as_items_state()
     end),
   })
-end
+end -- }}}
 
-function M.buffers()
-  local cwd = vim.fn.getcwd(0, 0)
+function M.buffers() -- {{{
+  local cwd = vim.fn.getcwd()
   -- ensure that `cwd` ends with a trailing slash:
   if cwd[#cwd] ~= '/' then cwd = cwd .. '/' end
 
@@ -831,10 +848,10 @@ function M.buffers()
       end,
     },
   }
-end
+end -- }}}
 
 local IS_CODE_SYMBOL_RUNNING = false
-function M.lsp_code_symbols()
+function M.lsp_code_symbols() -- {{{
   if IS_CODE_SYMBOL_RUNNING then return end
   IS_CODE_SYMBOL_RUNNING = true
 
@@ -881,13 +898,12 @@ function M.lsp_code_symbols()
 
   -- Kick off the async operation:
   vim.lsp.buf.document_symbol { on_list = STEPS._1_on_symbols }
-end
+end -- }}}
 
 function M.setup()
   utils.ucmd('Files', M.files)
   utils.ucmd('Buffers', M.buffers)
   utils.ucmd('Lspcodesymbols', M.lsp_code_symbols)
-  M.register_ui_select()
 end
 
 return M

examples/splitjoin.lua

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ local Range = require 'u.range'
 
 local M = {}
 
---- @param bracket_range Range
+--- @param bracket_range u.Range
 --- @param left string
 --- @param right string
 local function split(bracket_range, left, right)
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ local function split(bracket_range, left, right)
   bracket_range:replace(code.lines)
 end
 
---- @param bracket_range Range
+--- @param bracket_range u.Range
 --- @param left string
 --- @param right string
 local function join(bracket_range, left, right)

examples/surround.lua

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ local function prompt_for_bounds()
   end
 end
 
---- @param range Range
+--- @param range u.Range
 --- @param bounds { left: string; right: string }
 local function do_surround(range, bounds)
   local left = bounds.left
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ local function do_surround(range, bounds)
     range:replace(left .. range:text() .. right)
   elseif range.mode == 'V' then
     local buf = Buffer.current()
-    local cw = CodeWriter.from_line(buf:line0(range.start.lnum):text(), buf.buf)
+    local cw = CodeWriter.from_line(range.start:line(), buf.bufnr)
 
     -- write the left bound at the current indent level:
     cw:write(left)
@@ -109,10 +109,8 @@ function _G.MySurroundOpFunc(ty)
   if not vim_repeat.is_repeating() then hl = range:highlight('IncSearch', { priority = 999 }) end
 
   local bounds = prompt_for_bounds()
-  if bounds == nil then
   if hl then hl.clear() end
-    return
-  end
+  if bounds == nil then return end
 
   do_surround(range, bounds)
 end
@@ -141,7 +139,7 @@ function M.setup()
       local from_c = vim.fn.nr2char(from_cn)
       local from = surrounds[from_c] or { left = from_c, right = from_c }
       local function get_fresh_arange()
-        local arange = Range.from_text_object('a' .. from_c, { user_defined = true })
+        local arange = Range.from_txtobj('a' .. from_c, { user_defined = true })
         if arange == nil then return end
         if from_c == 'q' then
           from.left = arange.start:char()
@@ -166,13 +164,9 @@ function M.setup()
       hl_clear()
       if to == nil then return end
 
-      -- Re-fetch the arange, just in case this action is being repeated:
-      arange = get_fresh_arange()
-      if arange == nil then return end
-
       if from_c == 't' then
         -- For tags, we want to replace the inner text, not the tag:
-        local irange = Range.from_text_object('i' .. from_c, { user_defined = true })
+        local irange = Range.from_txtobj('i' .. from_c, { user_defined = true })
         if arange == nil or irange == nil then return end
 
         local lrange = Range.new(arange.start, irange.start:must_next(-1))
@@ -182,7 +176,7 @@ function M.setup()
         lrange:replace(to.left)
       else
         -- replace `from.right` with `to.right`:
-        local last_line = arange:line0(-1).text() --[[@as string]]
+        local last_line = arange:line(-1):text()
         local from_right_match = last_line:match(vim.pesc(from.right) .. '$')
         if from_right_match then
           local match_start = arange.stop:clone()
@@ -191,7 +185,7 @@ function M.setup()
         end
 
         -- replace `from.left` with `to.left`:
-        local first_line = arange:line0(0).text() --[[@as string]]
+        local first_line = arange:line(1):text()
         local from_left_match = first_line:match('^' .. vim.pesc(from.left))
         if from_left_match then
           local match_end = arange.start:clone()
@@ -210,8 +204,8 @@ function M.setup()
       CACHED_DELETE_FROM = txt_obj
 
       local buf = Buffer.current()
-      local irange = Range.from_text_object('i' .. txt_obj)
-      local arange = Range.from_text_object('a' .. txt_obj)
+      local irange = Range.from_txtobj('i' .. txt_obj)
+      local arange = Range.from_txtobj('a' .. txt_obj)
       if arange == nil or irange == nil then return end
       local starting_cursor_pos = arange.start:clone()
 
@@ -223,28 +217,19 @@ function M.setup()
         -- Dedenting moves the cursor, so we need to set the cursor to a consistent starting spot:
         arange.start:save_to_pos '.'
         -- Dedenting also changed the inner text, so re-acquire it:
-        arange = Range.from_text_object('a' .. txt_obj)
-        irange = Range.from_text_object('i' .. txt_obj)
+        arange = Range.from_txtobj('a' .. txt_obj)
+        irange = Range.from_txtobj('i' .. txt_obj)
         if arange == nil or irange == nil then return end -- should never be true
         arange:replace(irange:lines())
-
-        local final_range = Range.new(
-          arange.start,
-          Pos.new(
-            arange.stop.buf,
-            irange.start.lnum + (arange.stop.lnum + arange.start.lnum),
-            arange.stop.col,
-            arange.stop.off
-          ),
-          irange.mode
-        )
+        -- `arange:replace(..)` updates its own `stop` position, so we will use
+        -- `arange` as the final resulting range that holds the modified text
 
         -- delete last line, if it is empty:
-        local last = buf:line0(final_range.stop.lnum)
+        local last = buf:line(arange.stop.lnum)
         if last:text():match '^%s*$' then last:replace(nil) end
 
         -- delete first line, if it is empty:
-        local first = buf:line0(final_range.start.lnum)
+        local first = buf:line(arange.start.lnum)
         if first:text():match '^%s*$' then first:replace(nil) end
       else
         -- trim start:

examples/text-objects.lua

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-local utils = require 'u.utils'
+local txtobj = require 'u.txtobj'
 local Pos = require 'u.pos'
 local Range = require 'u.range'
 local Buffer = require 'u.buffer'
@@ -7,17 +7,14 @@ local M = {}
 
 function M.setup()
   -- Select whole file:
-  utils.define_text_object('ag', function() return Buffer.current():all() end)
+  txtobj.define('ag', function() return Buffer.current():all() end)
 
   -- Select current line:
-  utils.define_text_object('a.', function()
-    local lnum = Pos.from_pos('.').lnum
-    return Buffer.current():line0(lnum)
-  end)
+  txtobj.define('a.', function() return Buffer.current():line(Pos.from_pos('.').lnum) end)
 
   -- Select the nearest quote:
-  utils.define_text_object('aq', function() return Range.find_nearest_quotes() end)
-  utils.define_text_object('iq', function()
+  txtobj.define('aq', function() return Range.find_nearest_quotes() end)
+  txtobj.define('iq', function()
     local range = Range.find_nearest_quotes()
     if range == nil then return end
     return range:shrink(1)
@@ -26,33 +23,17 @@ function M.setup()
   ---Selects the next quote object (searches forward)
   --- @param q string
   local function define_quote_obj(q)
-    local function select_around()
-      -- Operator mappings are effectively running in visual mode, the way
-      -- `define_text_object` is implemented, so feed the keys `a${q}` to vim
-      -- to select the appropriate text-object
-      vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { 'a' .. q }, bang = true }
+    local function select_around() return Range.from_txtobj('a' .. q) end
 
-      -- Now check on the visually selected text:
-      local range = Range.from_vtext()
-      if range:is_empty() then return range.start end
-      range.start = range.start:find_next(1, q) or range.start
-      range.stop = range.stop:find_next(-1, q) or range.stop
-      return range
-    end
+    txtobj.define('a' .. q, function() return select_around() end)
+    txtobj.define('i' .. q, function()
+      local range = select_around()
+      if range == nil or range:is_empty() then return range end
 
-    utils.define_text_object('a' .. q, function() return select_around() end)
-    utils.define_text_object('i' .. q, function()
-      local range_or_pos = select_around()
-      if Range.is(range_or_pos) then
-        local start_next = range_or_pos.start:next(1)
-        local stop_prev = range_or_pos.stop:next(-1)
-        if start_next > stop_prev then return start_next end
-
-        local range = range_or_pos:shrink(1)
-        return range
-      else
-        return range_or_pos
-      end
+      local start_next = range.start:next(1) or range.start
+      local stop_prev = range.stop:next(-1)
+      if start_next > stop_prev then return Range.new(start_next) end
+      return range:shrink(1) or range
     end)
   end
   define_quote_obj [["]]
@@ -66,30 +47,20 @@ function M.setup()
       local curr = Pos.from_pos('.'):find_next(-1, q)
       if not curr then return end
       -- Reset visual selection to current context:
-      Range.new(curr, curr):set_visual_selection()
-      vim.cmd.normal('a' .. q)
-      local range = Range.from_vtext()
-      if range:is_empty() then return range.start end
-      range.start = range.start:find_next(1, q) or range.start
-      range.stop = range.stop:find_next(-1, q) or range.stop
-      return range
+      curr:save_to_pos '.'
+      return Range.from_txtobj('a' .. q)
     end
 
-    utils.define_text_object('al' .. q, function() return select_around() end)
-    utils.define_text_object('il' .. q, function()
-      local range_or_pos = select_around()
-      if range_or_pos == nil then return end
+    txtobj.define('al' .. q, function() return select_around() end)
+    txtobj.define('il' .. q, function()
+      local range = select_around()
+      if range == nil or range:is_empty() then return range end
 
-      if Range.is(range_or_pos) then
-        local start_next = range_or_pos.start:next(1)
-        local stop_prev = range_or_pos.stop:next(-1)
-        if start_next > stop_prev then return start_next end
+      local start_next = range.start:next(1) or range.start
+      local stop_prev = range.stop:next(-1)
+      if start_next > stop_prev then return Range.new(start_next) end
 
-        local range = range_or_pos:shrink(1)
-        return range
-      else
-        return range_or_pos
-      end
+      return range:shrink(1) or range
     end)
   end
   define_last_quote_obj [["]]
@@ -111,8 +82,8 @@ function M.setup()
     local keybinds = { ... }
     table.insert(keybinds, b)
     for _, k in ipairs(keybinds) do
-      utils.define_text_object('al' .. k, function() return select_around() end)
-      utils.define_text_object('il' .. k, function()
+      txtobj.define('al' .. k, function() return select_around() end)
+      txtobj.define('il' .. k, function()
         local range = select_around()
         return range and range:shrink(1)
       end)

lua/u/.luarc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LuaLS/vscode-lua/master/setting/schema.json",
+  "diagnostics.globals": ["assert", "vim"],
+  "runtime.version": "LuaJIT"
+}

lua/u/buffer.lua

@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
 local Range = require 'u.range'
 local Renderer = require 'u.renderer'.Renderer
 
----@class Buffer
----@field buf number
----@field private renderer Renderer
+--- @class u.Buffer
+--- @field bufnr number
+--- @field private renderer u.Renderer
 local Buffer = {}
 
----@param buf? number
----@return Buffer
-function Buffer.from_nr(buf)
-  if buf == nil or buf == 0 then buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+--- @param bufnr? number
+--- @return u.Buffer
+function Buffer.from_nr(bufnr)
+  if bufnr == nil or bufnr == 0 then bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
 
-  local renderer = Renderer.new(buf)
+  local renderer = Renderer.new(bufnr)
   return setmetatable({
-    buf = buf,
+    bufnr = bufnr,
     renderer = renderer,
   }, { __index = Buffer })
 end
 
----@return Buffer
+--- @return u.Buffer
 function Buffer.current() return Buffer.from_nr(0) end
 
 --- @param listed boolean
 --- @param scratch boolean
----@return Buffer
+--- @return u.Buffer
 function Buffer.create(listed, scratch) return Buffer.from_nr(vim.api.nvim_create_buf(listed, scratch)) end
 
 function Buffer:set_tmp_options()
@@ -33,51 +33,52 @@ function Buffer:set_tmp_options()
 end
 
 --- @param nm string
-function Buffer:get_option(nm) return vim.api.nvim_get_option_value(nm, { buf = self.buf }) end
+function Buffer:get_option(nm) return vim.api.nvim_get_option_value(nm, { buf = self.bufnr }) end
 
 --- @param nm string
-function Buffer:set_option(nm, val) return vim.api.nvim_set_option_value(nm, val, { buf = self.buf }) end
+function Buffer:set_option(nm, val) return vim.api.nvim_set_option_value(nm, val, { buf = self.bufnr }) end
 
 --- @param nm string
-function Buffer:get_var(nm) return vim.api.nvim_buf_get_var(self.buf, nm) end
+function Buffer:get_var(nm) return vim.api.nvim_buf_get_var(self.bufnr, nm) end
 
 --- @param nm string
-function Buffer:set_var(nm, val) return vim.api.nvim_buf_set_var(self.buf, nm, val) end
+function Buffer:set_var(nm, val) return vim.api.nvim_buf_set_var(self.bufnr, nm, val) end
 
-function Buffer:line_count() return vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(self.buf) end
+function Buffer:line_count() return vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(self.bufnr) end
 
-function Buffer:all() return Range.from_buf_text(self.buf) end
+function Buffer:all() return Range.from_buf_text(self.bufnr) end
 
-function Buffer:is_empty() return self:line_count() == 1 and self:line0(0):text() == '' end
+function Buffer:is_empty() return self:line_count() == 1 and self:line(1):text() == '' end
 
 --- @param line string
 function Buffer:append_line(line)
   local start = -1
   if self:is_empty() then start = -2 end
-  vim.api.nvim_buf_set_lines(self.buf, start, -1, false, { line })
+  vim.api.nvim_buf_set_lines(self.bufnr, start, -1, false, { line })
 end
 
----@param num number 0-based line index
-function Buffer:line0(num)
-  if num < 0 then return self:line0(self:line_count() + num) end
-  return Range.from_line(self.buf, num)
+--- @param num number 1-based line index
+function Buffer:line(num)
+  if num < 0 then num = self:line_count() + num + 1 end
+  return Range.from_line(self.bufnr, num)
 end
 
----@param start number 0-based line index
----@param stop number 0-based line index
-function Buffer:lines(start, stop) return Range.from_lines(self.buf, start, stop) end
+--- @param start number 1-based line index
+--- @param stop number 1-based line index
+function Buffer:lines(start, stop) return Range.from_lines(self.bufnr, start, stop) end
 
 --- @param txt_obj string
----@param opts? { contains_cursor?: boolean; pos?: Pos }
-function Buffer:text_object(txt_obj, opts)
-  opts = vim.tbl_extend('force', opts or {}, { buf = self.buf })
-  return Range.from_text_object(txt_obj, opts)
+--- @param opts? { contains_cursor?: boolean; pos?: u.Pos }
+function Buffer:txtobj(txt_obj, opts)
+  opts = vim.tbl_extend('force', opts or {}, { bufnr = self.bufnr })
+  return Range.from_txtobj(txt_obj, opts)
 end
 
 --- @param event string|string[]
+--- @diagnostic disable-next-line: undefined-doc-name
 --- @param opts vim.api.keyset.create_autocmd
 function Buffer:autocmd(event, opts)
-  vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd(event, vim.tbl_extend('force', opts, { buffer = self.buf }))
+  vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd(event, vim.tbl_extend('force', opts, { buffer = self.bufnr }))
 end
 
 --- @param tree Tree

lua/u/codewriter.lua

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 local Buffer = require 'u.buffer'
 
----@class CodeWriter
+--- @class u.CodeWriter
 --- @field lines string[]
 --- @field indent_level number
 --- @field indent_str string
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ local CodeWriter = {}
 
 --- @param indent_level? number
 --- @param indent_str? string
----@return CodeWriter
+--- @return u.CodeWriter
 function CodeWriter.new(indent_level, indent_str)
   if indent_level == nil then indent_level = 0 end
   if indent_str == nil then indent_str = '  ' end
@@ -22,20 +22,20 @@ function CodeWriter.new(indent_level, indent_str)
   return cw
 end
 
----@param p Pos
+--- @param p u.Pos
 function CodeWriter.from_pos(p)
-  local line = Buffer.from_nr(p.buf):line0(p.lnum):text()
-  return CodeWriter.from_line(line, p.buf)
+  local line = Buffer.from_nr(p.bufnr):line(p.lnum):text()
+  return CodeWriter.from_line(line, p.bufnr)
 end
 
 --- @param line string
----@param buf? number
-function CodeWriter.from_line(line, buf)
-  if buf == nil then buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+--- @param bufnr? number
+function CodeWriter.from_line(line, bufnr)
+  if bufnr == nil then bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
 
   local ws = line:match '^%s*'
-  local expandtab = vim.api.nvim_get_option_value('expandtab', { buf = buf })
-  local shiftwidth = vim.api.nvim_get_option_value('shiftwidth', { buf = buf })
+  local expandtab = vim.api.nvim_get_option_value('expandtab', { buf = bufnr })
+  local shiftwidth = vim.api.nvim_get_option_value('shiftwidth', { buf = bufnr })
 
   local indent_level = 0
   local indent_str = ''
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ end
 --- @param line string
 function CodeWriter:write(line) self:write_raw(self.indent_str:rep(self.indent_level) .. line) end
 
----@param f? fun(cw: CodeWriter):any
+--- @param f? fun(cw: u.CodeWriter):any
 function CodeWriter:indent(f)
   local cw = {
     lines = self.lines,

lua/u/logger.lua

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ function M.file_for_name(name) return vim.fs.joinpath(vim.fn.stdpath 'cache', 'u
 -- Logger class
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
---- @class Logger
+--- @class u.Logger
 --- @field name string
 --- @field private fd number
 local Logger = {}

lua/u/opkeymap.lua

@@ -1,24 +1,17 @@
 local Range = require 'u.range'
-local vim_repeat = require 'u.repeat'
 
----@type fun(range: Range): nil|(fun():any)
+--- @type fun(range: u.Range): nil|(fun():any)
 local __U__OpKeymapOpFunc_rhs = nil
 
 --- This is the global utility function used for operatorfunc
 --- in opkeymap
----@type nil|fun(range: Range): fun():any|nil
+--- @type nil|fun(range: u.Range): fun():any|nil
 --- @param ty 'line'|'char'|'block'
 -- selene: allow(unused_variable)
 function __U__OpKeymapOpFunc(ty)
   if __U__OpKeymapOpFunc_rhs ~= nil then
     local range = Range.from_op_func(ty)
-    local repeat_inject = __U__OpKeymapOpFunc_rhs(range)
-
-    vim_repeat.set(function()
-      vim.o.operatorfunc = 'v:lua.__U__OpKeymapOpFunc'
-      if repeat_inject ~= nil and type(repeat_inject) == 'function' then repeat_inject() end
-      vim_repeat.native_repeat()
-    end)
+    __U__OpKeymapOpFunc_rhs(range)
   end
 end
 
@@ -30,10 +23,15 @@ end
 ---    then calls the original passed callback with said range.
 --- @param mode string|string[]
 --- @param lhs string
----@param rhs fun(range: Range): nil|(fun():any) This function may return another function, which is called whenever the operator is repeated
+--- @param rhs fun(range: u.Range): nil
+--- @diagnostic disable-next-line: undefined-doc-name
 --- @param opts? vim.keymap.set.Opts
 local function opkeymap(mode, lhs, rhs, opts)
   vim.keymap.set(mode, lhs, function()
+    -- We don't need to wrap the operation in a repeat, because expr mappings are
+    -- repeated seamlessly by Vim anyway. In addition, the u.repeat:`.` mapping will
+    -- set IS_REPEATING to true, so that callbacks can check if they should used cached
+    -- values.
     __U__OpKeymapOpFunc_rhs = rhs
     vim.o.operatorfunc = 'v:lua.__U__OpKeymapOpFunc'
     return 'g@'

lua/u/pos.lua

@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
 local MAX_COL = vim.v.maxcol
 
----@param buf number
----@param lnum number
-local function line_text(buf, lnum) return vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(buf, lnum, lnum + 1, false)[1] end
+--- @param bufnr number
+--- @param lnum number 1-based
+local function line_text(bufnr, lnum) return vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(bufnr, lnum - 1, lnum, false)[1] end
 
----@class Pos
----@field buf number buffer number
+--- @class u.Pos
+--- @field bufnr number buffer number
 --- @field lnum number 1-based line index
 --- @field col number 1-based column index
 --- @field off number
 local Pos = {}
 Pos.MAX_COL = MAX_COL
 
----@param buf? number
----@param lnum number
----@param col number
+--- @param bufnr? number
+--- @param lnum number 1-based
+--- @param col number 1-based
 --- @param off? number
----@return Pos
-function Pos.new(buf, lnum, col, off)
-  if buf == nil or buf == 0 then buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+--- @return u.Pos
+function Pos.new(bufnr, lnum, col, off)
+  if bufnr == nil or bufnr == 0 then bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
   if off == nil then off = 0 end
   local pos = {
-    buf = buf,
+    bufnr = bufnr,
     lnum = lnum,
     col = col,
     off = off,
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ function Pos.new(buf, lnum, col, off)
 
   local function str()
     if pos.off ~= 0 then
-      return string.format('Pos(%d:%d){buf=%d, off=%d}', pos.lnum, pos.col, pos.buf, pos.off)
+      return string.format('Pos(%d:%d){bufnr=%d, off=%d}', pos.lnum, pos.col, pos.bufnr, pos.off)
     else
-      return string.format('Pos(%d:%d){buf=%d}', pos.lnum, pos.col, pos.buf)
+      return string.format('Pos(%d:%d){bufnr=%d}', pos.lnum, pos.col, pos.bufnr)
     end
   end
   setmetatable(pos, {
@@ -44,106 +44,117 @@ function Pos.new(buf, lnum, col, off)
   return pos
 end
 
+function Pos.invalid() return Pos.new(0, 0, 0, 0) end
+
 function Pos.is(x)
+  if not type(x) == 'table' then return false end
   local mt = getmetatable(x)
   return mt and mt.__index == Pos
 end
 
 function Pos.__lt(a, b) return a.lnum < b.lnum or (a.lnum == b.lnum and a.col < b.col) end
 function Pos.__le(a, b) return a < b or a == b end
-function Pos.__eq(a, b) return a.lnum == b.lnum and a.col == b.col end
-
----@param name string
----@return Pos
-function Pos.from_pos(name)
-  local p = vim.fn.getpos(name)
-  local col = p[3]
-  if col ~= MAX_COL then col = col - 1 end
-  return Pos.new(p[1], p[2] - 1, col, p[4])
+function Pos.__eq(a, b) return Pos.is(a) and Pos.is(b) and a.bufnr == b.bufnr and a.lnum == b.lnum and a.col == b.col end
+function Pos.__add(x, y)
+  if type(x) == 'number' then
+    x, y = y, x
+  end
+  if not Pos.is(x) or type(y) ~= 'number' then return nil end
+  return x:next(y)
+end
+function Pos.__sub(x, y)
+  if type(x) == 'number' then
+    x, y = y, x
+  end
+  if not Pos.is(x) or type(y) ~= 'number' then return nil end
+  return x:next(-y)
 end
 
-function Pos:clone() return Pos.new(self.buf, self.lnum, self.col, self.off) end
+--- @param name string
+--- @return u.Pos
+function Pos.from_pos(name)
+  local p = vim.fn.getpos(name)
+  return Pos.new(p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4])
+end
+
+function Pos:is_invalid() return self.bufnr == 0 and self.lnum == 0 and self.col == 0 and self.off == 0 end
+
+function Pos:clone() return Pos.new(self.bufnr, self.lnum, self.col, self.off) end
 
 --- @return boolean
 function Pos:is_col_max() return self.col == MAX_COL end
 
----@return number[]
-function Pos:as_vim() return { self.buf, self.lnum, self.col, self.off } end
-
 --- Normalize the position to a real position (take into account vim.v.maxcol).
 function Pos:as_real()
+  local maxlen = #line_text(self.bufnr, self.lnum)
   local col = self.col
-  if self:is_col_max() then
+  if col > maxlen then
     -- We could use utilities in this file to get the given line, but
     -- since this is a low-level function, we are going to optimize and
     -- use the API directly:
-    col = #line_text(self.buf, self.lnum) - 1
+    col = maxlen
   end
-  return Pos.new(self.buf, self.lnum, col, self.off)
+  return Pos.new(self.bufnr, self.lnum, col, self.off)
 end
 
+function Pos:as_vim() return { self.bufnr, self.lnum, self.col, self.off } end
+
 --- @param pos string
-function Pos:save_to_pos(pos)
-  if pos == '.' then
-    vim.api.nvim_win_set_cursor(0, { self.lnum + 1, self.col })
-    return
-  end
-
-  local p = self:as_real()
-  vim.fn.setpos(pos, { p.buf, p.lnum + 1, p.col + 1, p.off })
-end
+function Pos:save_to_pos(pos) vim.fn.setpos(pos, { self.bufnr, self.lnum, self.col, self.off }) end
 
 --- @param mark string
 function Pos:save_to_mark(mark)
   local p = self:as_real()
-  vim.api.nvim_buf_set_mark(p.buf, mark, p.lnum + 1, p.col, {})
+  vim.api.nvim_buf_set_mark(p.bufnr, mark, p.lnum, p.col - 1, {})
 end
 
 --- @return string
 function Pos:char()
-  local line = line_text(self.buf, self.lnum)
+  local line = line_text(self.bufnr, self.lnum)
   if line == nil then return '' end
-  return line:sub(self.col + 1, self.col + 1)
+  return line:sub(self.col, self.col)
 end
 
+function Pos:line() return line_text(self.bufnr, self.lnum) end
+
 --- @param dir? -1|1
 --- @param must? boolean
----@return Pos|nil
+--- @return u.Pos|nil
 function Pos:next(dir, must)
   if must == nil then must = false end
 
   if dir == nil or dir == 1 then
     -- Next:
-    local num_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(self.buf)
-    local last_line = line_text(self.buf, num_lines - 1) -- buf:line0(-1)
-    if self.lnum == num_lines - 1 and self.col == (#last_line - 1) then
+    local num_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(self.bufnr)
+    local last_line = line_text(self.bufnr, num_lines)
+    if self.lnum == num_lines and self.col == #last_line then
       if must then error 'error in Pos:next(): Pos:next() returned nil' end
       return nil
     end
 
     local col = self.col + 1
     local line = self.lnum
-    local line_max_col = #line_text(self.buf, self.lnum) - 1
+    local line_max_col = #line_text(self.bufnr, self.lnum)
     if col > line_max_col then
-      col = 0
+      col = 1
       line = line + 1
     end
-    return Pos.new(self.buf, line, col, self.off)
+    return Pos.new(self.bufnr, line, col, self.off)
   else
     -- Previous:
-    if self.col == 0 and self.lnum == 0 then
+    if self.col == 1 and self.lnum == 1 then
       if must then error 'error in Pos:next(): Pos:next() returned nil' end
       return nil
     end
 
     local col = self.col - 1
     local line = self.lnum
-    local prev_line_max_col = #(line_text(self.buf, self.lnum - 1) or '') - 1
-    if col < 0 then
-      col = math.max(prev_line_max_col, 0)
+    local prev_line_max_col = #(line_text(self.bufnr, self.lnum - 1) or '')
+    if col < 1 then
+      col = math.max(prev_line_max_col, 1)
       line = line - 1
     end
-    return Pos.new(self.buf, line, col, self.off)
+    return Pos.new(self.bufnr, line, col, self.off)
   end
 end
 
@@ -155,7 +166,7 @@ function Pos:must_next(dir)
 end
 
 --- @param dir -1|1
----@param predicate fun(p: Pos): boolean
+--- @param predicate fun(p: u.Pos): boolean
 --- @param test_current? boolean
 function Pos:next_while(dir, predicate, test_current)
   if test_current and not predicate(self) then return end
@@ -169,14 +180,14 @@ function Pos:next_while(dir, predicate, test_current)
 end
 
 --- @param dir -1|1
----@param predicate string|fun(p: Pos): boolean
+--- @param predicate string|fun(p: u.Pos): boolean
 function Pos:find_next(dir, predicate)
   if type(predicate) == 'string' then
     local s = predicate
     predicate = function(p) return s == p:char() end
   end
 
-  ---@type Pos|nil
+  --- @type u.Pos|nil
   local curr = self
   while curr ~= nil do
     if predicate(curr) then return curr end
@@ -187,8 +198,8 @@ end
 
 --- Finds the matching bracket/paren for the current position.
 --- @param max_chars? number|nil
----@param invocations? Pos[]
----@return Pos|nil
+--- @param invocations? u.Pos[]
+--- @return u.Pos|nil
 function Pos:find_match(max_chars, invocations)
   if invocations == nil then invocations = {} end
   if vim.tbl_contains(invocations, function(p) return self == p end, { predicate = true }) then return nil end
@@ -202,11 +213,16 @@ function Pos:find_match(max_chars, invocations)
   if not is_opener and not is_closer then return nil end
 
   local i, _ = vim.iter(is_opener and openers or closers):enumerate():find(function(_, c2) return c == c2 end)
+  -- Store the character we will be looking for:
   local c_match = (is_opener and closers or openers)[i]
 
-  ---@type Pos|nil
+  --- @type u.Pos|nil
   local cur = self
-  ---@return Pos|nil
+  --- `adv` is a helper that moves the current position backward or forward,
+  --- depending on whether we are looking for an opener or a closer. It returns
+  --- nil if 1) the watch-dog `max_chars` falls bellow 0, or 2) if we have gone
+  --- beyond the beginning/end of the file.
+  --- @return u.Pos|nil
   local function adv()
     if cur == nil then return nil end
 
@@ -218,7 +234,7 @@ function Pos:find_match(max_chars, invocations)
     return cur:next(is_opener and 1 or -1)
   end
 
-  -- scan until we find a match:
+  -- scan until we find `c_match`:
   cur = adv()
   while cur ~= nil and cur:char() ~= c_match do
     cur = adv()
@@ -236,4 +252,10 @@ function Pos:find_match(max_chars, invocations)
   return cur
 end
 
+--- @param lines string|string[]
+function Pos:insert_before(lines)
+  if type(lines) == 'string' then lines = vim.split(lines, '\n') end
+  vim.api.nvim_buf_set_text(self.bufnr, self.lnum - 1, self.col - 1, self.lnum - 1, self.col - 1, lines)
+end
+
 return Pos

lua/u/range.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 local Pos = require 'u.pos'
-local State = require 'u.state'
 
 local orig_on_yank = (vim.hl or vim.highlight).on_yank
 local on_yank_enabled = true;
@@ -8,16 +7,16 @@ local on_yank_enabled = true;
   return orig_on_yank(opts)
 end
 
----@class Range
----@field start Pos
----@field stop Pos|nil
+--- @class u.Range
+--- @field start u.Pos
+--- @field stop u.Pos|nil
 --- @field mode 'v'|'V'
 local Range = {}
 
----@param start Pos
----@param stop Pos|nil
+--- @param start u.Pos
+--- @param stop u.Pos|nil
 --- @param mode? 'v'|'V'
----@return Range
+--- @return u.Range
 function Range.new(start, stop, mode)
   if stop ~= nil and stop < start then
     start, stop = stop, start
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ function Range.new(start, stop, mode)
 
   local r = { start = start, stop = stop, mode = mode or 'v' }
   local function str()
-    ---@param p Pos
+    --- @param p u.Pos
     local function posstr(p)
       if p == nil then
         return 'nil'
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ function Range.new(start, stop, mode)
 
     local _1 = posstr(r.start)
     local _2 = posstr(r.stop)
-    return string.format('Range{buf=%d, mode=%s, start=%s, stop=%s}', r.start.buf, r.mode, _1, _2)
+    return string.format('Range{bufnr=%d, mode=%s, start=%s, stop=%s}', r.start.bufnr, r.mode, _1, _2)
   end
   setmetatable(r, { __index = Range, __tostring = str })
   return r
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ end
 
 --- @param lpos string
 --- @param rpos string
----@return Range
+--- @return u.Range
 function Range.from_marks(lpos, rpos)
   local start = Pos.from_pos(lpos)
   local stop = Pos.from_pos(rpos)
@@ -67,38 +66,38 @@ function Range.from_marks(lpos, rpos)
   return Range.new(start, stop, mode)
 end
 
----@param buf? number
-function Range.from_buf_text(buf)
-  if buf == nil or buf == 0 then buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
-  local num_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(buf)
+--- @param bufnr? number
+function Range.from_buf_text(bufnr)
+  if bufnr == nil or bufnr == 0 then bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+  local num_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(bufnr)
 
-  local start = Pos.new(buf, 0, 0)
-  local stop = Pos.new(buf, num_lines - 1, Pos.MAX_COL)
+  local start = Pos.new(bufnr, 1, 1)
+  local stop = Pos.new(bufnr, num_lines, Pos.MAX_COL)
   return Range.new(start, stop, 'V')
 end
 
----@param buf? number
----@param line number 0-based line index
-function Range.from_line(buf, line) return Range.from_lines(buf, line, line) end
+--- @param bufnr? number
+--- @param line number 1-based line index
+function Range.from_line(bufnr, line) return Range.from_lines(bufnr, line, line) end
 
----@param buf? number
----@param start_line number 0-based line index
----@param stop_line number 0-based line index
-function Range.from_lines(buf, start_line, stop_line)
-  if buf == nil or buf == 0 then buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+--- @param bufnr? number
+--- @param start_line number based line index
+--- @param stop_line number based line index
+function Range.from_lines(bufnr, start_line, stop_line)
+  if bufnr == nil or bufnr == 0 then bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
   if stop_line < 0 then
-    local num_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(buf)
-    stop_line = num_lines + stop_line
+    local num_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(bufnr)
+    stop_line = num_lines + stop_line + 1
   end
-  return Range.new(Pos.new(buf, start_line, 0), Pos.new(buf, stop_line, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
+  return Range.new(Pos.new(bufnr, start_line, 1), Pos.new(bufnr, stop_line, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
 end
 
 --- @param text_obj string
----@param opts? { buf?: number; contains_cursor?: boolean; pos?: Pos, user_defined?: boolean }
----@return Range|nil
-function Range.from_text_object(text_obj, opts)
+--- @param opts? { bufnr?: number; contains_cursor?: boolean; pos?: u.Pos, user_defined?: boolean }
+--- @return u.Range|nil
+function Range.from_txtobj(text_obj, opts)
   opts = opts or {}
-  if opts.buf == nil then opts.buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+  if opts.bufnr == nil then opts.bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
   if opts.contains_cursor == nil then opts.contains_cursor = false end
   if opts.user_defined == nil then opts.user_defined = false end
 
@@ -108,22 +107,24 @@ function Range.from_text_object(text_obj, opts)
   local is_quote = vim.tbl_contains({ "'", '"', '`' }, obj_type)
   local cursor = Pos.from_pos '.'
 
-  -- Yank, then read '[ and '] to know the bounds:
-  ---@type { start: Pos; stop: Pos }
-  local positions
-  vim.api.nvim_buf_call(opts.buf, function()
-    positions = State.run(0, function(s)
-      s:track_winview()
-      s:track_register '"'
-      s:track_pos '.'
-      s:track_pos "'["
-      s:track_pos "']"
+  --- @type u.Pos
+  local start
+  --- @type u.Pos
+  local stop
+
+  vim.api.nvim_buf_call(opts.bufnr, function()
+    local original_state = {
+      winview = vim.fn.winsaveview(),
+      regquote = vim.fn.getreg '"',
+      posdot = vim.fn.getpos '.',
+      poslb = vim.fn.getpos "'[",
+      posrb = vim.fn.getpos "']",
+    }
 
     if opts.pos ~= nil then opts.pos:save_to_pos '.' end
 
-      local null_pos = Pos.new(0, 0, 0, 0)
-      null_pos:save_to_pos "'["
-      null_pos:save_to_pos "']"
+    Pos.invalid():save_to_pos "'["
+    Pos.invalid():save_to_pos "']"
 
     local prev_on_yank_enabled = on_yank_enabled
     on_yank_enabled = false
@@ -135,8 +136,15 @@ function Range.from_text_object(text_obj, opts)
     }
     on_yank_enabled = prev_on_yank_enabled
 
-      local start = Pos.from_pos "'["
-      local stop = Pos.from_pos "']"
+    start = Pos.from_pos "'["
+    stop = Pos.from_pos "']"
+
+    -- Restore original state:
+    vim.fn.winrestview(original_state.winview)
+    vim.fn.setreg('"', original_state.regquote)
+    vim.fn.setpos('.', original_state.posdot)
+    vim.fn.setpos("'[", original_state.poslb)
+    vim.fn.setpos("']", original_state.posrb)
 
     if
       -- I have no idea why, but when yanking `i"`, the stop-mark is
@@ -148,12 +156,9 @@ function Range.from_text_object(text_obj, opts)
     then
       stop = stop:next(-1) or stop
     end
-      return { start = start, stop = stop }
   end)
-  end)
-  local start = positions.start
-  local stop = positions.stop
-  if start == stop and start.lnum == 0 and start.col == 0 and start.off == 0 then return nil end
+
+  if start == stop and start:is_invalid() then return nil end
   if opts.contains_cursor and not Range.new(start, stop):contains(cursor) then return nil end
 
   if is_quote and selection_type == 'a' then
@@ -189,11 +194,11 @@ end
 
 --- Get range information from command arguments.
 --- @param args unknown
----@return Range|nil
+--- @return u.Range|nil
 function Range.from_cmd_args(args)
   --- @type 'v'|'V'
   local mode
-  ---@type nil|Pos
+  --- @type nil|u.Pos
   local start
   local stop
   if args.range == 0 then
@@ -201,59 +206,42 @@ function Range.from_cmd_args(args)
   else
     start = Pos.from_pos "'<"
     stop = Pos.from_pos "'>"
-    if stop:is_col_max() then
-      mode = 'V'
-    else
-      mode = 'v'
-    end
+    mode = stop:is_col_max() and 'V' or 'v'
   end
   return Range.new(start, stop, mode)
 end
 
 ---
 function Range.find_nearest_brackets()
-  local a = Range.from_text_object('a<', { contains_cursor = true })
-  local b = Range.from_text_object('a[', { contains_cursor = true })
-  local c = Range.from_text_object('a(', { contains_cursor = true })
-  local d = Range.from_text_object('a{', { contains_cursor = true })
-  return Range.smallest { a, b, c, d }
+  return Range.smallest {
+    Range.from_txtobj('a<', { contains_cursor = true }),
+    Range.from_txtobj('a[', { contains_cursor = true }),
+    Range.from_txtobj('a(', { contains_cursor = true }),
+    Range.from_txtobj('a{', { contains_cursor = true }),
+  }
 end
 
 function Range.find_nearest_quotes()
-  local a = Range.from_text_object([[a']], { contains_cursor = true })
-  if a ~= nil and a:is_empty() then a = nil end
-  local b = Range.from_text_object([[a"]], { contains_cursor = true })
-  if b ~= nil and b:is_empty() then b = nil end
-  local c = Range.from_text_object([[a`]], { contains_cursor = true })
-  if c ~= nil and c:is_empty() then c = nil end
-  return Range.smallest { a, b, c }
+  return Range.smallest {
+    Range.from_txtobj([[a']], { contains_cursor = true }),
+    Range.from_txtobj([[a"]], { contains_cursor = true }),
+    Range.from_txtobj([[a`]], { contains_cursor = true }),
+  }
 end
 
----@param ranges (Range|nil)[]
+--- @param ranges (u.Range|nil)[]
 function Range.smallest(ranges)
-  ---@type Range[]
-  local new_ranges = {}
-  for _, r in pairs(ranges) do
-    if r ~= nil then table.insert(new_ranges, r) end
-  end
-  ranges = new_ranges
+  --- @type u.Range[]
+  ranges = vim.iter(ranges):filter(function(r) return r ~= nil and not r:is_empty() end):totable()
   if #ranges == 0 then return nil end
 
   -- find smallest match
-  local max_start = ranges[1].start
-  local min_stop = ranges[1].stop
-  local result = ranges[1]
-
+  local smallest = ranges[1]
   for _, r in ipairs(ranges) do
     local start, stop = r.start, r.stop
-    if start > max_start and stop < min_stop then
-      max_start = start
-      min_stop = stop
-      result = r
+    if start > smallest.start and stop < smallest.stop then smallest = r end
   end
-  end
-
-  return result
+  return smallest
 end
 
 function Range:clone() return Range.new(self.start:clone(), self.stop ~= nil and self.stop:clone() or nil, self.mode) end
@@ -266,7 +254,7 @@ function Range:to_linewise()
   local r = self:clone()
 
   r.mode = 'V'
-  r.start.col = 0
+  r.start.col = 1
   if r.stop ~= nil then r.stop.col = Pos.MAX_COL end
 
   return r
@@ -298,19 +286,13 @@ function Range:trim_stop()
   return r
 end
 
----@param p Pos
+--- @param p u.Pos
 function Range:contains(p) return not self:is_empty() and p >= self.start and p <= self.stop end
 
 --- @return string[]
 function Range:lines()
   if self:is_empty() then return {} end
-
-  local lines = {}
-  for i = 0, self.stop.lnum - self.start.lnum do
-    local line = self:line0(i)
-    if line ~= nil then table.insert(lines, line.text()) end
-  end
-  return lines
+  return vim.fn.getregion(self.start:as_vim(), self.stop:as_vim(), { type = self.mode })
 end
 
 --- @return string
@@ -321,34 +303,17 @@ function Range:text() return vim.fn.join(self:lines(), '\n') end
 function Range:sub(i, j) return self:text():sub(i, j) end
 
 --- @param l number
----@return { line: string; idx0: { start: number; stop: number; }; lnum: number; range: fun():Range; text: fun():string }|nil
-function Range:line0(l)
-  if l < 0 then return self:line0(self:line_count() + l) end
+--- @return { line: string; idx0: { start: number; stop: number; }; lnum: number; range: fun():u.Range; text: fun():string }|nil
+function Range:line(l)
+  if l < 0 then l = self:line_count() + l + 1 end
   if l > self:line_count() then return end
 
-  local line = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(self.start.buf, self.start.lnum + l, self.start.lnum + l + 1, false)[1]
-  if line == nil then return end
+  local line_indices = vim.fn.getregionpos(self.start:as_vim(), self.stop:as_vim(), { type = self.mode })
+  local line_bounds = line_indices[l]
 
-  local start = 0
-  local stop = #line - 1
-  if l == 0 then start = self.start.col end
-  if l == self.stop.lnum - self.start.lnum then stop = self.stop.col end
-  if stop == Pos.MAX_COL then stop = #line - 1 end
-  local lnum = self.start.lnum + l
-
-  return {
-    line = line,
-    idx0 = { start = start, stop = stop },
-    lnum = lnum,
-    range = function()
-      return Range.new(
-        Pos.new(self.start.buf, lnum, start, self.start.off),
-        Pos.new(self.start.buf, lnum, stop, self.stop.off),
-        'v'
-      )
-    end,
-    text = function() return line:sub(start + 1, stop + 1) end,
-  }
+  local start = Pos.new(unpack(line_bounds[1]))
+  local stop = Pos.new(unpack(line_bounds[2]))
+  return Range.new(start, stop)
 end
 
 --- @param replacement nil|string|string[]
@@ -356,52 +321,56 @@ function Range:replace(replacement)
   if replacement == nil then replacement = {} end
   if type(replacement) == 'string' then replacement = vim.fn.split(replacement, '\n') end
 
-  local buf = self.start.buf
-  -- convert to start-inclusive, stop-exclusive coordinates:
-  local start_lnum, stop_lnum = self.start.lnum, (self.stop and self.stop.lnum or self.start.lnum) + 1
-  local start_col, stop_col = self.start.col, (self.stop and self.stop.col or self.start.col) + 1
-
+  local bufnr = self.start.bufnr
   local replace_type = (self:is_empty() and 'insert') or (self.mode == 'v' and 'region') or 'lines'
 
-  ---@param alnum number
-  ---@param acol number
-  ---@param blnum number
-  ---@param bcol number
-  local function set_text(alnum, acol, blnum, bcol, repl)
-    -- row indices are end-inclusive, and column indices are end-exclusive.
-    vim.api.nvim_buf_set_text(buf, alnum, acol, blnum, bcol, repl)
-
+  local function update_stop_non_linewise()
     local new_last_line_num = self.start.lnum + #replacement - 1
     local new_last_col = #(replacement[#replacement] or '')
-    if new_last_line_num == start_lnum then new_last_col = new_last_col + start_col - 1 end
-
-    self.stop = Pos.new(buf, new_last_line_num, new_last_col)
+    if new_last_line_num == self.start.lnum then new_last_col = new_last_col + self.start.col - 1 end
+    self.stop = Pos.new(bufnr, new_last_line_num, new_last_col)
   end
-
-  ---@param alnum number
-  ---@param blnum number
-  local function set_lines(alnum, blnum, repl)
-    -- indexing is zero-based, end-exclusive
-    vim.api.nvim_buf_set_lines(buf, alnum, blnum, false, repl)
-
-    if #repl == 0 then
+  local function update_stop_linewise()
+    if #replacement == 0 then
       self.stop = nil
     else
-      local new_last_line_num = start_lnum + #replacement - 1
-      self.stop = Pos.new(self.start.buf, new_last_line_num, Pos.MAX_COL, self.stop.off)
+      local new_last_line_num = self.start.lnum - 1 + #replacement - 1
+      self.stop = Pos.new(bufnr, new_last_line_num + 1, Pos.MAX_COL, self.stop.off)
     end
     self.mode = 'v'
   end
 
   if replace_type == 'insert' then
-    set_text(start_lnum, start_col, start_lnum, start_col, replacement)
+    -- To insert text at a given `(row, column)` location, use `start_row =
+    -- end_row = row` and `start_col = end_col = col`.
+    vim.api.nvim_buf_set_text(
+      bufnr,
+      self.start.lnum - 1,
+      self.start.col - 1,
+      self.start.lnum - 1,
+      self.start.col - 1,
+      replacement
+    )
+    update_stop_non_linewise()
   elseif replace_type == 'region' then
     -- Fixup the bounds:
-    local last_line = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(buf, stop_lnum - 1, stop_lnum, false)[1] or ''
-    local max_col = #last_line
-    set_text(start_lnum, start_col, stop_lnum - 1, math.min(stop_col, max_col), replacement)
+    local max_col = #self.stop:line()
+
+    -- Indexing is zero-based. Row indices are end-inclusive, and column indices
+    -- are end-exclusive.
+    vim.api.nvim_buf_set_text(
+      bufnr,
+      self.start.lnum - 1,
+      self.start.col - 1,
+      self.stop.lnum - 1,
+      math.min(self.stop.col, max_col),
+      replacement
+    )
+    update_stop_non_linewise()
   elseif replace_type == 'lines' then
-    set_lines(start_lnum, stop_lnum, replacement)
+    -- Indexing is zero-based, end-exclusive.
+    vim.api.nvim_buf_set_lines(bufnr, self.start.lnum - 1, self.stop.lnum, true, replacement)
+    update_stop_linewise()
   else
     error 'unreachable'
   end
@@ -458,24 +427,16 @@ end
 
 function Range:set_visual_selection()
   if self:is_empty() then return end
+  if vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() ~= self.start.bufnr then
+    error 'Range:set_visual_selection() called on a buffer other than the current buffer'
+  end
 
-  if vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() ~= self.start.buf then vim.api.nvim_set_current_buf(self.start.buf) end
+  local curr_mode = vim.fn.mode()
+  if curr_mode ~= self.mode then vim.cmd.normal { args = { self.mode }, bang = true } end
 
-  State.run(self.start.buf, function(s)
-    s:track_mark 'a'
-    s:track_mark 'b'
-
-    self.start:save_to_mark 'a'
-    self.stop:save_to_mark 'b'
-    local mode = self.mode
-
-    local normal_cmd_args = ''
-    if vim.api.nvim_get_mode().mode == 'n' then normal_cmd_args = normal_cmd_args .. mode end
-    normal_cmd_args = normal_cmd_args .. '`ao`b'
-    vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { normal_cmd_args }, bang = true }
-
-    return nil
-  end)
+  self.start:save_to_pos '.'
+  vim.cmd.normal { args = { 'o' }, bang = true }
+  self.stop:save_to_pos '.'
 end
 
 --- @param group string
@@ -490,33 +451,31 @@ function Range:highlight(group, opts)
   if not opts.on_macro and in_macro then return { clear = function() end } end
 
   local ns = vim.api.nvim_create_namespace ''
-  State.run(self.start.buf, function(s)
-    if not in_macro then s:track_winview() end
 
+  local winview = vim.fn.winsaveview();
   (vim.hl or vim.highlight).range(
-      self.start.buf,
+    self.start.bufnr,
     ns,
     group,
-      { self.start.lnum, self.start.col },
-      { self.stop.lnum, self.stop.col },
+    { self.start.lnum - 1, self.start.col - 1 },
+    { self.stop.lnum - 1, self.stop.col - 1 },
     {
       inclusive = true,
       priority = opts.priority,
+      timeout = opts.timeout,
       regtype = self.mode,
     }
   )
-
-    return nil
-  end)
+  if not in_macro then vim.fn.winrestview(winview) end
   vim.cmd.redraw()
 
-  local function clear()
-    vim.api.nvim_buf_clear_namespace(self.start.buf, ns, self.start.lnum, self.stop.lnum + 1)
+  return {
+    ns = ns,
+    clear = function()
+      vim.api.nvim_buf_clear_namespace(self.start.bufnr, ns, self.start.lnum - 1, self.stop.lnum)
       vim.cmd.redraw()
-  end
-  if opts.timeout ~= nil then vim.defer_fn(clear, opts.timeout) end
-
-  return { ns = ns, clear = clear }
+    end,
+  }
 end
 
 return Range

lua/u/renderer.lua

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ end
 -- Renderer {{{
 --- @alias RendererExtmark { id?: number; start: [number, number]; stop: [number, number]; opts: any; tag: any }
 
---- @class Renderer
+--- @class u.Renderer
 --- @field bufnr number
 --- @field ns number
 --- @field changedtick number
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ end -- }}}
 -- }}}
 
 -- TreeBuilder {{{
---- @class TreeBuilder
+--- @class u.TreeBuilder
 --- @field private nodes Node[]
 local TreeBuilder = {}
 TreeBuilder.__index = TreeBuilder
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ function TreeBuilder.new()
 end
 
 --- @param nodes Tree
---- @return TreeBuilder
+--- @return u.TreeBuilder
 function TreeBuilder:put(nodes)
   table.insert(self.nodes, nodes)
   return self
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ end
 --- @param name string
 --- @param attributes? table<string, any>
 --- @param children? Node | Node[]
---- @return TreeBuilder
+--- @return u.TreeBuilder
 function TreeBuilder:put_h(name, attributes, children)
   local tag = M.h(name, attributes, children)
   table.insert(self.nodes, tag)
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ function TreeBuilder:put_h(name, attributes, children)
 end
 
 --- @param fn fun(TreeBuilder): any
---- @return TreeBuilder
+--- @return u.TreeBuilder
 function TreeBuilder:nest(fn)
   local nested_writer = TreeBuilder.new()
   fn(nested_writer)

lua/u/repeat.lua

@@ -1,61 +1,39 @@
 local M = {}
 
-local function _normal(cmd) vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { cmd }, bang = true } end
+local IS_REPEATING = false
+--- @type function
+local REPEAT_ACTION = nil
 
-M.native_repeat = function() _normal '.' end
-M.native_undo = function() _normal 'u' end
+local function is_repeatable_last_mutator() return vim.b.changedtick <= (vim.b.my_changedtick or 0) end
 
-local function update_ts() vim.b.tt_changedtick = vim.b.changedtick end
-
----@param cmd? string|fun():unknown
-function M.set(cmd)
-  update_ts()
-  if cmd ~= nil then vim.b.tt_repeatcmd = cmd end
+--- @param f fun()
+function M.run_repeatable(f)
+  REPEAT_ACTION = f
+  REPEAT_ACTION()
+  vim.b.my_changedtick = vim.b.changedtick
 end
 
-local function tt_was_last_repeatable()
-  local ts, tt_ts = vim.b.changedtick, vim.b.tt_changedtick
-  return tt_ts ~= nil and ts <= tt_ts
-end
-
----@generic T
----@param cmd string|fun():T
----@return T
-function M.run(cmd)
-  M.set(cmd)
-  local result = cmd()
-  update_ts()
-  return result
-end
-
-function M.do_repeat()
-  local tt_cmd = vim.b.tt_repeatcmd
-  if not tt_was_last_repeatable() or (type(tt_cmd) ~= 'function' and type(tt_cmd) ~= 'string') then
-    return M.native_repeat()
-  end
-
-  -- execute the cached command:
-  local count = vim.api.nvim_get_vvar 'count1'
-  if type(tt_cmd) == 'string' then
-    _normal(count .. tt_cmd --[[@as string]])
-  else
-    local last_return
-    for _ = 1, count do
-      last_return = M.run(tt_cmd --[[@as fun():any]])
-    end
-    return last_return
-  end
-end
-
-function M.undo()
-  local tt_was_last_repeatable_before_undo = tt_was_last_repeatable()
-  M.native_undo()
-  if tt_was_last_repeatable_before_undo then update_ts() end
-end
+function M.is_repeating() return IS_REPEATING end
 
 function M.setup()
-  vim.keymap.set('n', '.', M.do_repeat)
-  vim.keymap.set('n', 'u', M.undo)
+  vim.keymap.set('n', '.', function()
+    IS_REPEATING = true
+    for _ = 1, vim.v.count1 do
+      if is_repeatable_last_mutator() and type(REPEAT_ACTION) == 'function' then
+        M.run_repeatable(REPEAT_ACTION)
+      else
+        vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { '.' }, bang = true }
+      end
+    end
+    IS_REPEATING = false
+  end)
+  vim.keymap.set('n', 'u', function()
+    local was_repeatable_last_mutator = is_repeatable_last_mutator()
+    for _ = 1, vim.v.count1 do
+      vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { 'u' }, bang = true }
+    end
+    if was_repeatable_last_mutator then vim.b.my_changedtick = vim.b.changedtick end
+  end)
 end
 
 return M

lua/u/state.lua

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
----@class State
----@field buf number
----@field registers table
----@field marks table
----@field positions table
----@field keymaps { mode: string; lhs: any, rhs: any, buffer?: number }[]
----@field global_options table<string, any>
----@field win_view vim.fn.winsaveview.ret|nil
-local State = {}
-
----@param buf number
----@return State
-function State.new(buf)
-  if buf == 0 then buf = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
-  local s = { buf = buf, registers = {}, marks = {}, positions = {}, keymaps = {}, global_options = {} }
-  setmetatable(s, { __index = State })
-  return s
-end
-
----@generic T
----@param buf number
----@param f fun(s: State):T
----@return T
-function State.run(buf, f)
-  local s = State.new(buf)
-  local ok, result = pcall(f, s)
-  s:restore()
-  if not ok then error(result) end
-  return result
-end
-
----@param buf number
----@param f fun(s: State, callback: fun(): any):any
----@param callback fun():any
-function State.run_async(buf, f, callback)
-  local s = State.new(buf)
-  f(s, function()
-    s:restore()
-    callback()
-  end)
-end
-
-function State:track_keymap(mode, lhs)
-  local old =
-    -- Look up the mapping in buffer-local maps:
-    vim.iter(vim.api.nvim_buf_get_keymap(self.buf, mode)):find(function(map) return map.lhs == lhs end)
-    -- Look up the mapping in global maps:
-    or vim.iter(vim.api.nvim_get_keymap(mode)):find(function(map) return map.lhs == lhs end)
-
-  -- Did we find a mapping?
-  if old == nil then return end
-
-  -- Track it:
-  table.insert(self.keymaps, { mode = mode, lhs = lhs, rhs = old.rhs or old.callback, buffer = old.buffer })
-end
-
----@param reg string
-function State:track_register(reg) self.registers[reg] = vim.fn.getreg(reg) end
-
----@param mark string
-function State:track_mark(mark) self.marks[mark] = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_mark(self.buf, mark) end
-
----@param pos string
-function State:track_pos(pos) self.positions[pos] = vim.fn.getpos(pos) end
-
----@param nm string
-function State:track_global_option(nm) self.global_options[nm] = vim.go[nm] end
-
-function State:track_winview() self.win_view = vim.fn.winsaveview() end
-
-function State:restore()
-  for reg, val in pairs(self.registers) do
-    vim.fn.setreg(reg, val)
-  end
-  for mark, val in pairs(self.marks) do
-    vim.api.nvim_buf_set_mark(self.buf, mark, val[1], val[2], {})
-  end
-  for pos, val in pairs(self.positions) do
-    vim.fn.setpos(pos, val)
-  end
-  for _, map in ipairs(self.keymaps) do
-    vim.keymap.set(map.mode, map.lhs, map.rhs, { buffer = map.buffer })
-  end
-  for nm, val in pairs(self.global_options) do
-    vim.go[nm] = val
-  end
-  if self.win_view ~= nil then vim.fn.winrestview(self.win_view) end
-end
-
-return State

lua/u/tracker.lua

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ M.debug = false
 -- class Signal
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
---- @class Signal
+--- @class u.Signal
 --- @field name? string
 --- @field private changing boolean
 --- @field private value any
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Signal.__index = Signal
 
 --- @param value any
 --- @param name? string
---- @return Signal
+--- @return u.Signal
 function Signal:new(value, name)
   local obj = setmetatable({
     name = name,
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ function Signal:schedule_update(fn) self:schedule_set(fn(self.value)) end
 
 --- @generic U
 --- @param fn fun(value: T): U
---- @return Signal --<U>
+--- @return u.Signal --<U>
 function Signal:map(fn)
   local mapped_signal = M.create_memo(function()
     local value = self:get()
@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ function Signal:map(fn)
   return mapped_signal
 end
 
---- @return Signal
+--- @return u.Signal
 function Signal:clone()
   return self:map(function(x) return x end)
 end
 
 --- @param fn fun(value: T): boolean
---- @return Signal -- <T>
+--- @return u.Signal -- <T>
 function Signal:filter(fn)
   local filtered_signal = M.create_signal(nil, self.name and self.name .. ':filtered' or nil)
   local unsubscribe_from_self = self:subscribe(function(value)
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ function Signal:filter(fn)
 end
 
 --- @param ms number
---- @return Signal -- <T>
+--- @return u.Signal -- <T>
 function Signal:debounce(ms)
   local function set_timeout(timeout, callback)
     local timer = (vim.uv or vim.loop).new_timer()
@@ -123,15 +123,15 @@ function Signal:debounce(ms)
 
   local filtered = M.create_signal(self.value, self.name and self.name .. ':debounced' or nil)
 
-  --- @type {
-  --   queued: { value: T, ts: number }[]
-  --   timer?: uv_timer_t
-  -- }
+  --- @diagnostic disable-next-line: undefined-doc-name
+  --- @type { queued: { value: T, ts: number }[]; timer?: uv_timer_t; }
   local state = { queued = {}, timer = nil }
   local function clear_timeout()
     if state.timer == nil then return end
     pcall(function()
+      --- @diagnostic disable-next-line: undefined-field
       state.timer:stop()
+      --- @diagnostic disable-next-line: undefined-field
       state.timer:close()
     end)
     state.timer = nil
@@ -198,13 +198,13 @@ end
 
 CURRENT_CONTEXT = nil
 
---- @class ExecutionContext
---- @field signals table<Signal, boolean>
+--- @class u.ExecutionContext
+--- @field signals table<u.Signal, boolean>
 local ExecutionContext = {}
 M.ExecutionContext = ExecutionContext
 ExecutionContext.__index = ExecutionContext
 
---- @return ExecutionContext
+--- @return u.ExecutionContext
 function ExecutionContext:new()
   return setmetatable({
     signals = {},
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ end
 function ExecutionContext.current() return CURRENT_CONTEXT end
 
 --- @param fn function
---- @param ctx ExecutionContext
+--- @param ctx u.ExecutionContext
 function ExecutionContext:run(fn, ctx)
   local oldCtx = CURRENT_CONTEXT
   CURRENT_CONTEXT = ctx
@@ -258,14 +258,14 @@ end
 
 --- @param value any
 --- @param name? string
---- @return Signal
+--- @return u.Signal
 function M.create_signal(value, name) return Signal:new(value, name) end
 
 --- @param fn function
 --- @param name? string
---- @return Signal
+--- @return u.Signal
 function M.create_memo(fn, name)
-  --- @type Signal
+  --- @type u.Signal
   local result
   local unsubscribe = M.create_effect(function()
     local value = fn()

lua/u/txtobj.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+local Range = require 'u.range'
+
+local M = {}
+
+local ESC = vim.api.nvim_replace_termcodes("<Esc>", true, false, true)
+
+--- @param key_seq string
+--- @param fn fun(key_seq: string):u.Range|nil
+--- @param opts? { buffer: number|nil }
+function M.define(key_seq, fn, opts)
+  if opts ~= nil and opts.buffer == 0 then opts.buffer = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
+
+  local function handle_visual()
+    local range = fn(key_seq)
+    if range == nil or range:is_empty() then
+      vim.cmd.normal(ESC)
+      return
+    end
+    range:set_visual_selection()
+  end
+  vim.keymap.set({ 'x' }, key_seq, handle_visual, opts and { buffer = opts.buffer } or nil)
+
+  local function handle_normal()
+    local range = fn(key_seq)
+    if range == nil then return end
+
+    if not range:is_empty() then
+      range:set_visual_selection()
+    else
+      local original_eventignore = vim.go.eventignore
+      vim.go.eventignore = 'all'
+
+      -- insert a single space, so we can select it:
+      local p = range.start
+      p:insert_before ' '
+      vim.go.eventignore = original_eventignore
+
+      -- select the space:
+      Range.new(p, p, 'v'):set_visual_selection()
+    end
+  end
+  vim.keymap.set({ 'o' }, key_seq, handle_normal, opts and { buffer = opts.buffer } or nil)
+end
+
+return M

lua/u/utils.lua

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ local M = {}
 
 --- @alias QfItem { col: number, filename: string, kind: string, lnum: number, text: string }
 --- @alias KeyMaps table<string, fun(): any | string> }
----@alias CmdArgs { args: string; bang: boolean; count: number; fargs: string[]; line1: number; line2: number; mods: string; name: string; range: 0|1|2; reg: string; smods: any; info: Range|nil }
+--- @alias CmdArgs { args: string; bang: boolean; count: number; fargs: string[]; line1: number; line2: number; mods: string; name: string; range: 0|1|2; reg: string; smods: any; info: u.Range|nil }
 
 --- @generic T
 --- @param x `T`
@@ -49,76 +49,6 @@ function M.ucmd(name, cmd, opts)
   vim.api.nvim_create_user_command(name, cmd2, opts or {})
 end
 
----@param key_seq string
----@param fn fun(key_seq: string):Range|Pos|nil
----@param opts? { buffer: number|nil }
-function M.define_text_object(key_seq, fn, opts)
-  local Range = require 'u.range'
-  local Pos = require 'u.pos'
-
-  if opts ~= nil and opts.buffer == 0 then opts.buffer = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf() end
-
-  local function handle_visual()
-    local range_or_pos = fn(key_seq)
-    if range_or_pos == nil then return end
-    if Range.is(range_or_pos) and range_or_pos:is_empty() then range_or_pos = range_or_pos.start end
-
-    if Range.is(range_or_pos) then
-      local range = range_or_pos --[[@as Range]]
-      range:set_visual_selection()
-    else
-      vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { '<Esc>' }, bang = true }
-    end
-  end
-  vim.keymap.set({ 'x' }, key_seq, handle_visual, opts and { buffer = opts.buffer } or nil)
-
-  local function handle_normal()
-    local State = require 'u.state'
-
-    -- enter visual mode:
-    vim.cmd { cmd = 'normal', args = { 'v' }, bang = true }
-
-    local range_or_pos = fn(key_seq)
-    if range_or_pos == nil then return end
-    if Range.is(range_or_pos) and range_or_pos:is_empty() then range_or_pos = range_or_pos.start end
-
-    if Range.is(range_or_pos) then
-      range_or_pos:set_visual_selection()
-    elseif Pos.is(range_or_pos) then
-      local p = range_or_pos --[[@as Pos]]
-      State.run(0, function(s)
-        s:track_global_option 'eventignore'
-        vim.go.eventignore = 'all'
-
-        -- insert a single space, so we can select it:
-        vim.api.nvim_buf_set_text(0, p.lnum, p.col, p.lnum, p.col, { ' ' })
-        -- select the space:
-        Range.new(p, p, 'v'):set_visual_selection()
-      end)
-    end
-  end
-  vim.keymap.set({ 'o' }, key_seq, handle_normal, opts and { buffer = opts.buffer } or nil)
-end
-
----@type fun(): nil|(fun():any)
-local __U__RepeatableOpFunc_rhs = nil
-
---- This is the global utility function used for operatorfunc
---- in repeatablemap
----@type nil|fun(range: Range): fun():any|nil
--- selene: allow(unused_variable)
-function __U__RepeatableOpFunc()
-  if __U__RepeatableOpFunc_rhs ~= nil then __U__RepeatableOpFunc_rhs() end
-end
-
-function M.repeatablemap(mode, lhs, rhs, opts)
-  vim.keymap.set(mode, lhs, function()
-    __U__RepeatableOpFunc_rhs = rhs
-    vim.o.operatorfunc = 'v:lua.__U__RepeatableOpFunc'
-    return 'g@ '
-  end, vim.tbl_extend('force', opts or {}, { expr = true }))
-end
-
 function M.get_editor_dimensions() return { width = vim.go.columns, height = vim.go.lines } end
 
 return M

lux.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package = "u.nvim"
+version = "0.1.0"
+lua = ">=5.1"
+
+[description]
+summary = ""
+maintainer = "jrop"
+labels = [ "library", "neovim", "neovim-plugin", "range", "utility" ]
+
+
+[dependencies]
+# Add your dependencies here
+# `busted = ">=2.0"`
+
+[run]
+args = [ "src/main.lua" ]
+
+[build]
+type = "builtin"

spec/buffer_spec.lua

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ describe('Buffer', function()
     withbuf({}, function()
       local buf = Buffer.from_nr()
       buf:all():replace 'bleh'
-      local actual_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(buf.buf, 0, -1, false)
+      local actual_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(buf.bufnr, 0, -1, false)
       assert.are.same({ 'bleh' }, actual_lines)
     end)
   end)
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ describe('Buffer', function()
       'three',
     }, function()
       local buf = Buffer.from_nr()
-      buf:lines(1, -2):replace 'too'
-      local actual_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(buf.buf, 0, -1, false)
+      buf:lines(2, -2):replace 'too'
+      local actual_lines = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(buf.bufnr, 0, -1, false)
       assert.are.same({
         'one',
         'too',

spec/pos_spec.lua

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ local withbuf = loadfile './spec/withbuf.lua'()
 describe('Pos', function()
   it('get a char from a given position', function()
     withbuf({ 'asdf', 'bleh', 'a', '', 'goo' }, function()
-      assert.are.same('a', Pos.new(nil, 0, 0):char())
-      assert.are.same('d', Pos.new(nil, 0, 2):char())
-      assert.are.same('f', Pos.new(nil, 0, 3):char())
-      assert.are.same('a', Pos.new(nil, 2, 0):char())
-      assert.are.same('', Pos.new(nil, 3, 0):char())
-      assert.are.same('o', Pos.new(nil, 4, 2):char())
+      assert.are.same('a', Pos.new(nil, 1, 1):char())
+      assert.are.same('d', Pos.new(nil, 1, 3):char())
+      assert.are.same('f', Pos.new(nil, 1, 4):char())
+      assert.are.same('a', Pos.new(nil, 3, 1):char())
+      assert.are.same('', Pos.new(nil, 4, 1):char())
+      assert.are.same('o', Pos.new(nil, 5, 3):char())
     end)
   end)
 
@@ -23,47 +23,47 @@ describe('Pos', function()
   it('get the next position', function()
     withbuf({ 'asdf', 'bleh', 'a', '', 'goo' }, function()
       -- line 1: a => s
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 0, 0):next())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 2), Pos.new(nil, 1, 1):next())
       -- line 1: d => f
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 3), Pos.new(nil, 0, 2):next())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 1, 3):next())
       -- line 1 => 2
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, 3):next())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 2, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 4):next())
       -- line 3 => 4
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 3, 0), Pos.new(nil, 2, 0):next())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 4, 1), Pos.new(nil, 3, 1):next())
       -- line 4 => 5
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 4, 0), Pos.new(nil, 3, 0):next())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 5, 1), Pos.new(nil, 4, 1):next())
       -- end returns nil
-      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 4, 2):next())
+      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 5, 3):next())
     end)
   end)
 
   it('get the previous position', function()
     withbuf({ 'asdf', 'bleh', 'a', '', 'goo' }, function()
       -- line 1: s => a
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, 1):next(-1))
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 2):next(-1))
       -- line 1: f => d
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 2), Pos.new(nil, 0, 3):next(-1))
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 3), Pos.new(nil, 1, 4):next(-1))
       -- line 2 => 1
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 3), Pos.new(nil, 1, 0):next(-1))
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 2, 1):next(-1))
       -- line 4 => 3
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 2, 0), Pos.new(nil, 3, 0):next(-1))
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 3, 1), Pos.new(nil, 4, 1):next(-1))
       -- line 5 => 4
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 3, 0), Pos.new(nil, 4, 0):next(-1))
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 4, 1), Pos.new(nil, 5, 1):next(-1))
       -- beginning returns nil
-      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 0, 0):next(-1))
+      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 1, 1):next(-1))
     end)
   end)
 
   it('find matching brackets', function()
     withbuf({ 'asdf ({} def <[{}]>) ;lkj' }, function()
       -- outer parens are matched:
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 19), Pos.new(nil, 0, 5):find_match())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 20), Pos.new(nil, 1, 6):find_match())
       -- outer parens are matched (backward):
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 0, 5), Pos.new(nil, 0, 19):find_match())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(nil, 1, 6), Pos.new(nil, 1, 20):find_match())
       -- no potential match returns nil
-      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 0, 0):find_match())
+      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 1, 1):find_match())
       -- watchdog expires before an otherwise valid match is found:
-      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 0, 5):find_match(2))
+      assert.are.same(nil, Pos.new(nil, 1, 6):find_match(2))
     end)
   end)
 end)

spec/range_spec.lua

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('get from positions: v in single line', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 0, 3), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 2), Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), 'v')
       local lines = range:lines()
       assert.are.same({ 'ine' }, lines)
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('get from positions: v across multiple lines', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 2, 4), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 5), Pos.new(nil, 3, 5), 'v')
       local lines = range:lines()
       assert.are.same({ 'quick brown fox', 'jumps' }, lines)
     end)
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('get from positions: V', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
       local lines = range:lines()
       assert.are.same({ 'line one' }, lines)
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('get from positions: V across multiple lines', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 0), Pos.new(nil, 2, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 1), Pos.new(nil, 3, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
       local lines = range:lines()
       assert.are.same({ 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog' }, lines)
     end)
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('get from line', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_line(nil, 0)
+      local range = Range.from_line(nil, 1)
       local lines = range:lines()
       assert.are.same({ 'line one' }, lines)
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('get from lines', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two', 'and line 3' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 0, 1)
+      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 1, 2)
       local lines = range:lines()
       assert.are.same({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, lines)
 
@@ -88,35 +88,35 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('replace within line', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 1, 8), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 5), Pos.new(nil, 2, 9), 'v')
       range:replace 'quack'
 
-      local text = Range.from_line(nil, 1):text()
+      local text = Range.from_line(nil, 2):text()
       assert.are.same('the quack brown fox', text)
     end)
   end)
 
   it('delete within line', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 1, 9), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 5), Pos.new(nil, 2, 10), 'v')
       range:replace ''
 
-      local text = Range.from_line(nil, 1):text()
+      local text = Range.from_line(nil, 2):text()
       assert.are.same('the brown fox', text)
     end)
 
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 1, 9), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 5), Pos.new(nil, 2, 10), 'v')
       range:replace(nil)
 
-      local text = Range.from_line(nil, 1):text()
+      local text = Range.from_line(nil, 2):text()
       assert.are.same('the brown fox', text)
     end)
   end)
 
   it('replace across multiple lines: v', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), Pos.new(nil, 2, 4), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 5), Pos.new(nil, 3, 5), 'v')
       range:replace 'plane flew'
 
       local lines = Range.from_buf_text():lines()
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('replace a line', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_line(nil, 1)
+      local range = Range.from_line(nil, 2)
       range:replace 'the rabbit'
 
       local lines = Range.from_buf_text():lines()
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('replace multiple lines', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 1, 2)
+      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 2, 3)
       range:replace 'the rabbit'
 
       local lines = Range.from_buf_text():lines()
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('delete single line', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_line(nil, 1)
+      local range = Range.from_line(nil, 2)
       range:replace(nil) -- delete lines
 
       local lines = Range.from_buf_text():lines()
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('delete multiple lines', function()
     withbuf({ 'pre line', 'the quick brown fox', 'jumps over a lazy dog', 'post line' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 1, 2)
+      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 2, 3)
       range:replace(nil) -- delete lines
 
       local lines = Range.from_buf_text():lines()
@@ -187,53 +187,53 @@ describe('Range', function()
   it('text object: word', function()
     withbuf({ 'the quick brown fox' }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('quick ', Range.from_text_object('aw'):text())
+      assert.are.same('quick ', Range.from_txtobj('aw'):text())
 
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_text_object('iw'):text())
+      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_txtobj('iw'):text())
     end)
   end)
 
   it('text object: quote', function()
     withbuf({ [[the "quick" brown fox]] }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('"quick"', Range.from_text_object('a"'):text())
+      assert.are.same('"quick"', Range.from_txtobj('a"'):text())
 
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 6, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_text_object('i"'):text())
+      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_txtobj('i"'):text())
     end)
 
     withbuf({ [[the 'quick' brown fox]] }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
-      assert.are.same("'quick'", Range.from_text_object([[a']]):text())
+      assert.are.same("'quick'", Range.from_txtobj([[a']]):text())
 
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 6, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_text_object([[i']]):text())
+      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_txtobj([[i']]):text())
     end)
 
     withbuf({ [[the `quick` brown fox]] }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('`quick`', Range.from_text_object([[a`]]):text())
+      assert.are.same('`quick`', Range.from_txtobj([[a`]]):text())
 
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 6, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_text_object([[i`]]):text())
+      assert.are.same('quick', Range.from_txtobj([[i`]]):text())
     end)
   end)
 
   it('text object: block', function()
     withbuf({ 'this is a {', 'block', '} here' }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 2, 1, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('{\nblock\n}', Range.from_text_object('a{'):text())
+      assert.are.same('{\nblock\n}', Range.from_txtobj('a{'):text())
 
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 2, 1, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('block', Range.from_text_object('i{'):text())
+      assert.are.same('block', Range.from_txtobj('i{'):text())
     end)
   end)
 
   it('text object: restores cursor position', function()
     withbuf({ 'this is a {block} here' }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 13, 0 })
-      assert.are.same('{block}', Range.from_text_object('a{'):text())
+      assert.are.same('{block}', Range.from_txtobj('a{'):text())
       assert.are.same(vim.api.nvim_win_get_cursor(0), { 1, 12 })
     end)
   end)
@@ -258,22 +258,18 @@ describe('Range', function()
     end)
   end)
 
-  it('line0', function()
+  it('line', function()
     withbuf({
       'this is a {',
       'block',
       '} here',
     }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(0, 0, 5), Pos.new(0, 1, 4), 'v')
-      local lfirst = range:line0(0)
-      assert.are.same(5, lfirst.idx0.start)
-      assert.are.same(10, lfirst.idx0.stop)
-      assert.are.same(0, lfirst.lnum)
-      assert.are.same('is a {', lfirst.text())
-      assert.are.same('is a {', lfirst.range():text())
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(0, 0, 5), lfirst.range().start)
-      assert.are.same(Pos.new(0, 0, 10), lfirst.range().stop)
-      assert.are.same('block', range:line0(1).text())
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(0, 1, 6), Pos.new(0, 2, 5), 'v')
+      local lfirst = assert(range:line(1), 'lfirst null')
+      assert.are.same('is a {', lfirst:text())
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(0, 1, 6), lfirst.start)
+      assert.are.same(Pos.new(0, 1, 11), lfirst.stop)
+      assert.are.same('block', range:line(2):text())
     end)
   end)
 
@@ -297,16 +293,16 @@ describe('Range', function()
       vim.cmd.normal 'v' -- enter visual mode
       vim.cmd.normal 'l' -- select one character to the right
       local range = Range.from_vtext()
-      assert.are.same(range.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 2))
-      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 0, 3))
+      assert.are.same(range.start, Pos.new(nil, 1, 3))
+      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 4))
       assert.are.same(range.mode, 'v')
     end)
   end)
 
   it('from_op_func', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local a = Pos.new(nil, 0, 0)
-      local b = Pos.new(nil, 1, 1)
+      local a = Pos.new(nil, 1, 1)
+      local b = Pos.new(nil, 2, 2)
       a:save_to_pos "'["
       b:save_to_pos "']"
 
@@ -317,7 +313,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
       range = Range.from_op_func 'line'
       assert.are.same(range.start, a)
-      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, Pos.MAX_COL))
+      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 2, Pos.MAX_COL))
       assert.are.same(range.mode, 'V')
     end)
   end)
@@ -325,8 +321,8 @@ describe('Range', function()
   it('from_cmd_args', function()
     local args = { range = 1 }
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local a = Pos.new(nil, 0, 0)
-      local b = Pos.new(nil, 1, 1)
+      local a = Pos.new(nil, 1, 1)
+      local b = Pos.new(nil, 2, 2)
       a:save_to_pos "'<"
       b:save_to_pos "'>"
 
@@ -341,25 +337,25 @@ describe('Range', function()
     withbuf({ [[the "quick" brown fox]] }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
       local range = Range.find_nearest_quotes()
-      assert.are.same(range.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 4))
-      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 0, 10))
+      assert.are.same(range.start, Pos.new(nil, 1, 5))
+      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 11))
     end)
 
     withbuf({ [[the 'quick' brown fox]] }, function()
       vim.fn.setpos('.', { 0, 1, 5, 0 })
       local range = Range.find_nearest_quotes()
-      assert.are.same(range.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 4))
-      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 0, 10))
+      assert.are.same(range.start, Pos.new(nil, 1, 5))
+      assert.are.same(range.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 11))
     end)
   end)
 
   it('smallest', function()
-    local r1 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 0, 3), 'v')
-    local r2 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 2), Pos.new(nil, 0, 4), 'v')
-    local r3 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, 5), 'v')
+    local r1 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 2), Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), 'v')
+    local r2 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 3), Pos.new(nil, 1, 5), 'v')
+    local r3 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 6), 'v')
     local smallest = Range.smallest { r1, r2, r3 }
-    assert.are.same(smallest.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 1))
-    assert.are.same(smallest.stop, Pos.new(nil, 0, 3))
+    assert.are.same(smallest.start, Pos.new(nil, 1, 2))
+    assert.are.same(smallest.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 4))
   end)
 
   it('clone', function()
@@ -381,9 +377,9 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('to_linewise()', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 3), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 2), Pos.new(nil, 2, 4), 'v')
       local linewise_range = range:to_linewise()
-      assert.are.same(linewise_range.start.col, 0)
+      assert.are.same(linewise_range.start.col, 1)
       assert.are.same(linewise_range.stop.col, Pos.MAX_COL)
       assert.are.same(linewise_range.mode, 'V')
     end)
@@ -391,56 +387,56 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('is_empty', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), nil, 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), nil, 'v')
       assert.is_true(range:is_empty())
 
-      local range2 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), 'v')
+      local range2 = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 2), 'v')
       assert.is_false(range2:is_empty())
     end)
   end)
 
   it('trim_start', function()
     withbuf({ '   line one', 'line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, 9), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 10), 'v')
       local trimmed = range:trim_start()
-      assert.are.same(trimmed.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 3)) -- should be after the spaces
+      assert.are.same(trimmed.start, Pos.new(nil, 1, 4)) -- should be after the spaces
     end)
   end)
 
   it('trim_stop', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one   ', 'line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 0), Pos.new(nil, 0, 9), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 10), 'v')
       local trimmed = range:trim_stop()
-      assert.are.same(trimmed.stop, Pos.new(nil, 0, 7)) -- should be before the spaces
+      assert.are.same(trimmed.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 8)) -- should be before the spaces
     end)
   end)
 
   it('contains', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 0, 3), 'v')
-      local pos = Pos.new(nil, 0, 2)
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 1, 2), Pos.new(nil, 1, 4), 'v')
+      local pos = Pos.new(nil, 1, 3)
       assert.is_true(range:contains(pos))
 
-      pos = Pos.new(nil, 0, 4) -- outside of range
+      pos = Pos.new(nil, 1, 5) -- outside of range
       assert.is_false(range:contains(pos))
     end)
   end)
 
   it('shrink', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 3), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 3), Pos.new(nil, 3, 5), 'v')
       local shrunk = range:shrink(1)
-      assert.are.same(shrunk.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 2))
-      assert.are.same(shrunk.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 2))
+      assert.are.same(shrunk.start, Pos.new(nil, 2, 4))
+      assert.are.same(shrunk.stop, Pos.new(nil, 3, 4))
     end)
   end)
 
   it('must_shrink', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 0, 1), Pos.new(nil, 1, 3), 'v')
+      local range = Range.new(Pos.new(nil, 2, 3), Pos.new(nil, 3, 5), 'v')
       local shrunk = range:must_shrink(1)
-      assert.are.same(shrunk.start, Pos.new(nil, 0, 2))
-      assert.are.same(shrunk.stop, Pos.new(nil, 1, 2))
+      assert.are.same(shrunk.start, Pos.new(nil, 2, 4))
+      assert.are.same(shrunk.stop, Pos.new(nil, 3, 4))
 
       assert.has.error(function() range:must_shrink(100) end, 'error in Range:must_shrink: Range:shrink() returned nil')
     end)
@@ -448,25 +444,27 @@ describe('Range', function()
 
   it('set_visual_selection', function()
     withbuf({ 'line one', 'and line two' }, function()
-      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 0, 1)
+      local range = Range.from_lines(nil, 1, 2)
       range:set_visual_selection()
 
-      assert.are.same(Pos.from_pos 'v', Pos.new(nil, 0, 0))
-      assert.are.same(Pos.from_pos '.', Pos.new(nil, 1, 11))
+      assert.are.same(Pos.from_pos 'v', Pos.new(nil, 1, 1))
+      -- Since the selection is 'V' (instead of 'v'), the end
+      -- selects one character past the end:
+      assert.are.same(Pos.from_pos '.', Pos.new(nil, 2, 13))
     end)
   end)
 
   it('selections set to past the EOL should not error', function()
     withbuf({ 'Rg SET NAMES' }, function()
       local b = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf()
-      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 0, 3), Pos.new(b, 0, 12), 'v')
+      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 1, 4), Pos.new(b, 1, 13), 'v')
       r:replace 'bleh'
       assert.are.same({ 'Rg bleh' }, vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(b, 0, -1, false))
     end)
 
     withbuf({ 'Rg SET NAMES' }, function()
       local b = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf()
-      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 0, 3), Pos.new(b, 0, 11), 'v')
+      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 1, 4), Pos.new(b, 1, 12), 'v')
       r:replace 'bleh'
       assert.are.same({ 'Rg bleh' }, vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(b, 0, -1, false))
     end)
@@ -475,7 +473,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
   it('replace updates Range.stop: same line', function()
     withbuf({ 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog' }, function()
       local b = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf()
-      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 0, 4), Pos.new(b, 0, 8), 'v')
+      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 1, 5), Pos.new(b, 1, 9), 'v')
 
       r:replace 'bleh1'
       assert.are.same({ 'The bleh1 brown fox jumps over the lazy dog' }, vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(b, 0, -1, false))
@@ -491,11 +489,12 @@ describe('Range', function()
       'over the lazy dog',
     }, function()
       local b = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf()
-      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 0, 20), Pos.new(b, 1, 3), 'v')
+      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 1, 21), Pos.new(b, 2, 4), 'v')
       assert.are.same({ 'jumps', 'over' }, r:lines())
 
       r:replace 'bleh1'
       assert.are.same({ 'The quick brown fox bleh1 the lazy dog' }, vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(b, 0, -1, false))
+      assert.are.same({ 'bleh1' }, r:lines())
 
       r:replace 'blehGoo2'
       assert.are.same({ 'The quick brown fox blehGoo2 the lazy dog' }, vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(b, 0, -1, false))
@@ -511,7 +510,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
       'the lazy dog',
     }, function()
       local b = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf()
-      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 1, 0), Pos.new(b, 3, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
+      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 2, 1), Pos.new(b, 4, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
       assert.are.same({ 'fox', 'jumps', 'over' }, r:lines())
 
       r:replace { 'bleh1', 'bleh2' }
@@ -540,7 +539,7 @@ describe('Range', function()
       'the lazy dog',
     }, function()
       local b = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf()
-      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 1, 0), Pos.new(b, 3, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
+      local r = Range.new(Pos.new(b, 2, 1), Pos.new(b, 4, Pos.MAX_COL), 'V')
       assert.are.same({ 'fox', 'jumps', 'over' }, r:lines())
 
       r:replace(nil)